History of Linux

 

The system is called GNU / Linux, which consists of the core + General Public License operating system project, and the computer users briefly say olan Linux /. Unix is ​​the basis of Linux. Even though they are not the same operating systems, Linux is considered to be the heir of Unix and the output source is Unix.

When IBM makes the first computer, it wants to patent the machine from the US Patent Office. However, the office does not give any patent to IBM, stating that the machine consists of many electronic circuits, that another person can do this machine by using different brand and model circuits, and that it cannot be a unique design of any one. When IBM cannot obtain patents,

They cannot monopolize the PC and the electronics companies begin to produce their own PCs.

Secondly, IBM does not get the full distribution rights of the operating system for its own computer from its affiliate, Bill Gates. Gates has the chance to sell this operating system called IBM PC-DOS to MS-DOS.

However, DOS was able to work in "Batch Processing". The operating system set the commands in a row, ending one and starting the other. The user waiting for the response of a command he sent had to wait for the previous application to end. Now he couldn't tell how long he would wait.

Uncomfortable with this, AT & T, MIT University and General Electric 's joint work called the system called MULTICS. So i Multi-Information and Calculation System ve. But the system was too hant. Ken Thompson, who worked in the MULTICS team, was working on simulation programs used in space exploration. These programs were pushing the system hard and receiving constant complaints from project colleagues. That's why Thompson was able to work when no one was using the system, and he was extremely uncomfortable. This is why the bulky MULTICS

The system has improved and re-developed the system that it has found and will respond to its wishes. Inspired by MULTICS, the name was put on UNICS. UNICS, the first version of Unix, emerged in 1970 by Ken Thompson's DEC brand, PDP-7 model, which can be considered even older.

Dennis Ritchie and Brian Kernighan from Bell Labs in 1972 completed their work on m C 3 programming language and called UNIX in 1973 by rewriting the C language and UNICS operating system. Thus, UNIX is-first written in a high-level language, hardware-independent and enables multi-process and multi-user operation.

The operating system has emerged as işlet.

Due to all these features, electronic companies need to add Unix to the operating system repertories, whether they are the systems they work on or the systems they produce. Unix was not developed for commercial purposes. Open source and completely free. That's why

firms have had the opportunity to develop for their own systems. They quickly realized this and developed Unix to work best with their own systems. These developed Unix derivatives were called “distribution Bu.

Some of those:

IBM - AIX

DEC - ULTRIX

HP - HPUX

SIEMENS - SINIX

They offered free of charge software and software that would run under this operating system. With no operating system costs, the price of computer systems was also down. To optimize these deployments, they set up resources and created teams.

Professor For the 8086 type of computers, Andrew Tanenbaum designed a simple Unix-like operating system and called it MINIX. He taught his students the lessons on this operating system and there were newsgroups where they discussed technical issues.

On 25 August 1991, a message came from a student named Linus Torvalds. Torvalds, in the message 386 and 486 PCs for a small operating system design is now nearing the end was specified. C compiler and ama bash un were able to add the shell code to the new environment. In the humble message, it is not an advanced operating system; many modern system supports aimed at opening only the computer is likely to never be developed. Based on his own name, Torvalds put this operating system on the Internet in September 1991, which he called LINUX.

This movement initiated a chain reaction, which he was even surprised by. In a short time, more and more improvements and improvements came from many people, and the next version of Linux took its place on the Internet 1 month after the first one. Linux was being developed rapidly and collectively. Unknown developers were trying to develop Linux without any expectations and instructions.

While someone was trying to add VGA support, others were struggling for audio support or driver support. There was almost a new release once a month.

Linux has attracted the attention of Richard Stallman of MIT. In 1983, Stallman initiated a foundation study called GNU (GNU is Not Unix) around the concept of bir free software St. Its purpose was to bring together computer and free software work, to explain the results and to provide resource libraries for other developers. Many systems under GNU

it was brought, but these systems did not have a solid core. Here, Linux, Stallman, at this point was exactly what he needed. Stallman included Linux in the GNU project and the GNU / Linux operating system was introduced. Linux was not commercially designed. The source was clear. Therefore, individuals, institutions or companies, as in Unix, have attempted to bring Linux to the best of their own and the user's needs, creating firm distributions O.

RESOURCES :

- Who is Afraid of Linux - Can Ugur Ayfer - Omer Ayfer

- Just For Fun - Linus Torvalds