BSD AND LİNUX

 

What is the main difference between Linux (eg Debian Linux) and BSD? For normal users, the difference is actually very small, ie both are UNIX-like operating systems. Both were developed for non-commercial purposes (of course, not as in some other commercial Linux distributions). In this section we look at BSD's structure and compare it with Linux. In general, what we say will be close to FreeBSD because the widely used BSD version is FreeBSD.

Who owns BSD?

No one or any organization is the owner of BSD. BSD has been developed by many people who are technically qualified and expert in the whole world. and some components of BSD were provided by different open source developers.

How was the BSD developed and updated?

The BSD core has been developed with the Open source development model. Access to each project was distributed with the Concurrent Versions System (CVS) under the publicly available source code tree. This system also contains documents and other files related to BSD. With CVS, any person can have any part of the system by checking CV check out yaparak (that is, downloading a copy of the required files to the system).

A large number of programmers on the world contribute to the development of BSD. These programmers and developers are basically divided into three parts:

    Contributors write documents or code. This group is not allowed to add any code directly to the code tree. The codes written by these persons are examined by committer and included in the main system.

    Committers have the authority to add code to the source tree. To be a committer, you must have a very high level of knowledge on the area that you work.

    Some commenders have access to all source code, while others are separated from the actual code. Those who are interested in documentation normally do not have access to the kernel code. Some people in the core team called Principal Architects have the right to delete codes in the source code tree called back out. All committers receive e-mails for each commit, so that a code is secretly blocked from entering the source code tree.

    Core team. FreeBSD and NetBSD definitely have a core team. The core team makes their programs during the development and creation of the project and their roles are not clear. To be a member of the core team is not necessarily a developer and this is extremely normal. The rules for the core team may vary from one project to another, and in general the opinions and ideas of the core team at the point of development and progress of the project are surely superior to the opinions and opinions of those who are not members of the Core Team.

All these arrangements differ from Linux in many ways:

    No one can control the contents of the system. In practice this difference can be very important to the eye. The Chief Architect may request that the code be removed from the original code, and many people may even make changes to Linux projects.

    On the other hand there is a central warehouse. This repository contains all the codes of the operating system that are collected at some point, including all older versions.

    BSD projects are accepted as değil whole operating system “, not just as kernel. This feature is only marginally useful. Neither BSD nor Linux programs are not useful. And these programs are used under Linux as under BSD.   

As a result of the fact that the CVS code tree (source tree) is formatted, the development stages of BSD are quite clear and can be found with any version version information or date of release. Even CVS even allows updates. For example, the FreeBSD repository is updated 100 times a day on average, but these updates are often very small.

BSD Versions

Each BSD project includes three different versions. As in Linux, these versions are set to 1.4.1 or 3.5.0. In addition, version numbers have a suffix that specifies their purpose:

    The improved version is called CURRENT. A free number is assigned to CURRENT on FreeBSD. For example FreeBSD 5.0-CURRENT. NetBSD clearly uses different naming schemes. This schema used is a one-letter suffix, which represents the change in the internal interface. For example, NetBSD 1.4.3G. OpenBSD does not assign any number (OpenBSD-current). All new versions are used in this way in the system.

Two to four times a year with specific intervals, projects are released on CD-ROM, or released to download free from ftp sites (RELEASE). For example OpenBSD 2.6 RELEASE. Or NetBSD 1.4-RELEASE. The RELEASE version is the version required for the end user and is the normal version of the system. Also NetBSD also patch versions (eg, NetBSD 1.4.2). These versions have three digits.

    In the RELEASE versions, errors are corrected in the presence of a bug and included in the CVS source tree. The latest version in FreeBSD is called STABLE, but continues to use the OpenBSD and NetBSD RELEASE version name. During testing of the CURRENT version, new but small features can be included in the system.

In contrast, Linux has two code trees: the Stable version and the Development version. The Stable version has minor version numbers consisting of double numbers. 2.0, 2.2, 2.4. The development version has a minor version number consisting of single numbers. 2.1, 2.3, 2.5. In some cases, different Linux distribution companies may launch their own products as ux TurboLinux 6.0 with kernel 2.2.14 Bazı.

What versions of BSD can be found in?

Unlike many Linux versions, there are only three BSD versions with open source code. Each BSD project has its own source tree and kernel. And in practice, there are fewer differences between the codes in Linux and the codes that users add to the projects.

It is really difficult to group the purpose of each project: differences are personal. Generally:

    FreeBSD offers high performance and ease of use for end users. And it is the favorite operating system for ISP companies. Works on PCs and Compaq's Alpha processors. FreeBSD is used by more people than by other projects.

    NetBSD targets maximum mobility. This is also indicated by olur Of course it works on NetBSD! “. In addition, it is important to have a simple design. NetBSD runs every yard from palmtop to large servers and has been used in NASA's space work. It is a good choice for non-Intel hardware.

    OpenBSD addresses code cleanliness and security. It includes an open source code development model and stringent code review, and the bank aims to be an operating system for security-based businesses such as US government ministries, stock institutions. NetBSD can work on many platforms.

There are two different BSD UNIX operating systems. These are BSD / OS and Apple's Mac OS® X:

    BSD / OS 4.4 is the oldest version derived from BSD. It is not open source and therefore the code can be purchased at a very small cost. In many ways it is similar to FreeBSD and many developers work in two systems.

    Mac OS X is the latest member of Apple Computer Inc.'s Macintosh® series. The core of this operating system is BSD-based and called Darwin. Unlike other versions, unlike the core is open source coded. As a result of this development, Apple developers are FreeBSD committer. This core has the Aqua / Quartz graphical interface and other products of Mac OS. But this is the code for the X interface. This operating system runs on x86 and PPC architectures.

What is the difference between the use license of the BSD and the GNU usage license?

Linux is distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL) license, which is designed to eliminate closed source software. In a software developed using a GPL licensed product, it must be distributed under a GPL license. But the BSD license is less restrictive and allows binary deployment. This is an attractive type of license for embedded applications.

What else should I know?

For BSDs, when a lesser program was produced than Linux, BSD developers introduced the Linux compatibility package, which enables Linux programs to run under BSD. This package includes both kernel changes and Linux compatibility files, such as the C Library (C library), to make Linux system calls properly. There is no significant difference in speed between running Linux programs under the Linux machine and the BSD machine.

The BSD's daha All from one supplier ler logic means that the same frequently performed update is much easier on Linux. The BSD makes library version updates compatible with older version libraries and makes it possible to run older Binary codes.

Should I use my BSD on my Linux?

What does all this mean in practice? Who should use BSD Linux?

This is a difficult question to answer. A few suggestions can be listed as follows:

    ”If it doesn't break, don't fix it't. If you are already using an open-coded operating system and are satisfied with it, there is no good reason to make changes.

    The BSD system, in particular FreeBSD, can deliver significantly more performance than Linux. But this is not something that affects everyone in the same degree, and in many cases there is almost no difference in performance. But in some special cases, Linux can be considered better than FreeBSD.

    In general, the BSD system has a better reputation for reliability. and this is usually due to the more mature code.

    The BSD license is more noticeable than the GPL License.

    BSD can run Linux codes but Linux BSD codes are executed. As a result, BSD has more software than Linux.

Who provides assistance service and training for BSD?

BSDi always supports BSD / OS and recently signed an agreement with FreeBSD.

In addition, each project has its own help or rental department: FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD.

In the open world, the word sadece Linux UN is almost synonymous with the kaynak operating system sistemi, but open source UNIX® is not just “Linux Açık. According to the Internet Operating System Counter, as of April 1999, 31.3% of Internet connected machines in the world is Linux and 14.6% is UNIX. Yahoo! One of the world's largest organizations such as BSD. Ftp.cdrom.com, which is one of the most busy FTP servers in the world, uses BSD for transferring 1.4 TB per day.